Sadism is the art of pain: gratification, pleasure, creativity. It is often coupled with masochism which is self-punitive (bad object).
Cruelty is self-regulatory and narcissistic:
In the wake of mortification (public shaming and humiliation)
Intended to restore grandiose, inflated self-perception because it is unnecessary and excessive, a choice, an expression of dominance and control (coercion). It causes elation (Grunberger), but not pleasure.
Sustains a narrative of retributive justice (quid pro quo, eye for an eye (lex talionis): competitive, grandiose, entitled victimhood
Requires the cooperation of the victim: an admission of vulnerability, hurt, damage, pain. A kind of shared fantasy.
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